Latest in South American Agriculture

Regional Highlights

Brazil is experiencing a record harvest of 169 million metric tons of soybeans, with production continuing to rise. Corn ethanol volumes are booming under a stronger biofuel mandate. Planting is set to expand further in 2025–26, with around 500,000 additional hectares expected to be sown.

Argentina forecasts an increase in corn output alongside steady soybean meal exports—totaling ~30 million tons, though weather patterns remain a variable factor. Argentina’s 2025–26 corn production is expected to increase to 53 million tons (+6%), while soybean output may decline by ~3% to 48.5 million tons

Peru saw a remarkable 22% increase in agricultural exports in 2024, reaching around USD 12.5 billion. The country is pursuing an ambitious goal to hit USD 40 billion in agri-exports by 2040. Plans include expanding beef, poultry, and pork shipments to markets like China, the U.S., and Europe.

Guatemala has received U.S. approval to begin exporting avocados, with initial shipments expected from 1,700 tons, potentially growing to 15,000 tons by 2030. This expansion supports rural development and diversifies the country’s agricultural economy. Challenges include navigating tariffs and building robust export protocols.

Global Market Shifts: Ongoing trade conflicts with the U.S. and China have benefited the regions agricultural sector, especially in soy, beef, and poultry exports to China—realigning regional trade dynamics

Sustainability & Resilience in Focus

Innovation Spotlight: Brazilian scientist Mariangela Hungria was awarded the 2025 World Food Prize for her pioneering work in reducing chemical fertilizer use through biological nitrogen fixation, advancing sustainable soybean farming

Bolivia’s Traditional Crops: In response to climate pressures, Bolivia is promoting cañahua, a resilient Andean grain related to quinoa, as a sustainable avenue for rural development and food security

Supply Risks: Fertilizer Market Disruptions

Latin American agriculture is under pressure from potential disruptions in key inputs: The region’s heavy reliance on Russian fertilizers—especially in Brazil and Mexico—exposes food systems to volatility. U.S. sanctions on Russian exports could escalate supply risks, affecting yield and food prices.

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